MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume)
MCV (mean corpuscular volume) measures the average size of red blood cells and is essential for classifying anemias. Small RBCs (microcytic, low MCV) suggest iron deficiency or thalassemia. Large RBCs (macrocytic, high MCV) suggest B12 or folate deficiency, liver disease, hypothyroidism, or certain medications.
MCV is one of the most informative CBC parameters because it narrows the differential diagnosis when hemoglobin is low. Combined with RDW, it creates a classification matrix: low MCV + normal RDW suggests thalassemia trait, while low MCV + high RDW suggests iron deficiency.
MCV can also be elevated without anemia — alcohol use, liver disease, and hypothyroidism commonly cause macrocytosis with normal hemoglobin.
What It Measures
Average volume of red blood cells in femtoliters, calculated from hematocrit divided by RBC count.
Reference Ranges
| Status | Range (fL) |
|---|---|
| Optimal | 82–92 fL |
| Normal | 80–100 fL |
| Borderline | 75–80 or 100–105 fL |
| Out of Range | < 75 fL (microcytic) or > 105 fL (macrocytic) |
How GATOR Tracks This
Lab Providers
Related Biomarkers
This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Reference ranges may vary by laboratory and individual factors. Consult a qualified healthcare provider for interpretation of your results and treatment decisions.
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